Principle 06 of 08

Proximity: things that belong together sit together

Where you put things tells people how they relate. Get the spacing right and a graphic reads itself. Get it wrong and people have to work it out, and they won't.

4 min read · No design background needed
Placement makes a difference

What proximity actually is

Proximity means grouping related elements together. A product name sits next to its price, a date sits next to its location, a headline sits close to the line that explains it. It cuts clutter and makes a design easy to scan.

The quick test

Look at the gaps. Is the space inside a group smaller than the space between groups? If every gap is the same, nothing looks grouped.

The fix

Three steps to get it right

01

Decide what belongs together

Name and price. Headline and subhead. Date and place. Make those pairs before you think about layout.

02

Tighten inside, loosen between

The gap between groups should be at least one and a half times the gap inside a group.

03

Check your headings

A heading should sit closer to what it introduces than to whatever is above it.

Using AI?

Where AI gets it wrong

AI and templates spread everything evenly, the same gap between every element, so nothing looks like it belongs with anything. Even spacing looks tidy and reads as a list of unrelated things.

This one gets fixed by hand, in your design tool, after the image is made.

Tell the AI what to fix

Name the problem in design words and give it one clear change:

“Each price sits closer to the next product than to its own. Group every name with its price, and put more space between products.”

Your next move
  • Circle the groups on your current graphic.
  • Tighten the space inside each group.
  • Double the space between groups and compare.
  • Next up: White space

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